阿耆尼的神話除了他的祭祀活動外,主要涉及他的各種出生、形態和住所。人們常提到他每天用兩根引火棒(aránis)進行作業,這根引火棒就是他的父母或母親。烈火(阿耆尼)從乾木中誕生,充滿活力;孩子一出生就吞噬了他的父母。生下他的十個少女是指點火者的十個手指。由於點燃烈火所需的力量,他通常被稱為「力量之子」(sáhasah sunúh)。每天早上出生的他都很年輕;同時,沒有任何祭祀比阿耆尼年長,因為他進行了第一次祭祀。再次強調,阿耆    尼在空中水域的起源經常被提及:他是水域的胚胎;他是水中的胚胎。他在水中被點燃;他是一頭在水中長大的公牛。作為「水之子」(ii.35),他已成為獨立的神。有時他也被認為潛伏在陸地水域。阿耆尼在水中的這個概念在Rig-Veda中是一個突出的概念。第三,人們常提到阿耆尼的天界起源:他出生在最高的天堂,被印度普羅米修斯馬塔里斯萬從天上帶下來;人類獲得火被認為是眾神的恩賜,也是Matarisvan的產物。Matarisvan(摩多利首)通常被認為是火神阿耆尼的別名。 摩多利首在梨俱吠陀中共被提到27次。沒有單獨的頌歌獻給他,他通常被與阿耆尼和毗婆藪聯繫在一起。婆羅門教中的摩多利首與希臘神話中的普羅米修斯非常相似;他在天界發現了被藏起來的火,用摩擦的方法將火種取出,然後送給婆利古仙人。從此人間就有了火。太陽(vii.63)進一步被視為阿耆尼的一種形式。因此,阿格尼是明亮天空中的天堂之光;他出生在空氣的另一邊,看到了一切;他隨著早晨太陽升起而誕生。因此,烈火具有三重特徵。他的出生有三次或三次;諸神將他塑造成三重;他是三重光;他有三個頭,三個身體,三個站。烈火的這種三重性質在 RV 中得到了明確的認識,並代表了印度最早的三位一體。

Rig Veda(梨俱吠陀)-Book 1(第一冊)-Suk

Rig Veda(梨俱吠陀)-Book 1(第一冊)-Suk

1-58-1

नू चित्सहोजा अमृतो नि तुन्दते होता यद्दूतो अभवद्विवस्वतः ।वि साधिष्ठेभिः पथिभी रजो मम देवताता हविषा विवासति

nū cit sahojā amṛto ni tundate hotā yad dūto abhavad vivasvataḥ | vi sādhiṣṭhebhiḥ pathibhī rajo mama ā devatātā haviṣā vivāsati ||

The strength-genitive rated, immortal Agni quickly issues forth, when he is the invoker of the gods, and the messenger (of the worshipper) (then proceeding) by suitable paths, he has made the firmament, and worships (the deities) in the sacrifice with oblationṣ

向前發出,當他是眾神的召喚者和崇拜者的使者,繼續通過適當的道路時,他創造了蒼穹,並在其中崇拜眾神。帶有供奉的祭祀。

 

1-58-2

स्वमद्म युवमानो अजरस्तृष्वविष्यन्नतसेषु तिष्ठति अत्यो पृष्ठं प्रुषितस्य रोचते दिवो सानु स्तनयन्नचिक्रदत्

ā svam adma yuvamāno ajaras tṛṣv aviṣyann ataseṣu tiṣṭhati | atyo na pṛṣṭham pruṣitasya rocate divo na sānu stanayann acikradat ||

Undecaying Agni, combining his food (with his flame), and devouring it quickly, ascends the dry wood; the blaze of theconsuming (element) spreads like a (fleet) courser, and roars like a roaring (cloud) in the height of heaven.

不朽的阿耆尼將他的食物,與他的火焰結合起來,並迅速吞噬它,登上了乾木頭;吞咆哮的雲一樣的咆哮。

 

1-58-3

क्राणा रुद्रेभिर्वसुभिः पुरोहितो होता निषत्तो रयिषाळमर्त्यः रथो विक्ष्वृञ्जसान आयुषु व्यानुषग्वार्या देव ऋण्वति

krāṇā rudrebhir vasubhiḥ purohito hotā niṣatto rayiṣāḻ amartyaḥ | ratho na vikṣv ṛñjasāna āyuṣu vy ānuṣag vāryā deva ṛṇvati ||

The immortal, and resplendent Agni, the bearer of oblations, honoured by the Rudras and the Vasus the invoker of the gods, who presides over oblations and is the distributor of riches, praised by his worshippers, and admired like a chariot amongst mankind, accepts the oblations that are successively presented.

不朽、輝煌的阿耆尼,祭品的持有者,受到Rudras和眾神的召喚者Vasus的尊敬,他掌管祭品,是財富的分配者,受到崇拜者的讚揚,像人類中的戰車一樣受到崇拜,接受依序獻上的祭品。

 

1-58-4

वि वातजूतो अतसेषु तिष्ठते वृथा जुहूभिः सृण्या तुविष्वणिः तृषु यदग्ने वनिनो वृषायसे कृष्णं एम रुशदूर्मे अजर

vi vātajūto ataseṣu tiṣṭhate vṛthā juhūbhiḥ sṛṇyā tuviṣvaṇiḥ | tṛṣu yad agne vanino vṛṣāyase kṛṣṇaṃ ta ema ruśadūrme ajara ||

Excited by the wind, and roaring loudly, Agni penetrates easily with his flames and diffusive (intensity) among the timber; when, undecaying and fiercely-blazing Agni, you rush rapidly like a bull amongst the forest trees, your path is blackened.

阿耆尼受到風的激勵,大聲咆哮,他的火焰很容易穿透,並在木材中強力擴散;當你,不朽的、猛烈燃燒的阿耆尼,像一頭公牛一樣在森林中快速衝進時,你走過的道路就會燒焦。

 

1-58-5

तपुर्जम्भो वन वातचोदितो यूथे साह्वाँ अव वाति वंसगः अभिव्रजन्नक्षितं पाजसा रजः स्थातुश्चरथं भयते पतत्रिणः

tapurjambho vana ā vātacodito yūthe na sāhvām̐ ava vāti vaṃsagaḥ | abhivrajann akṣitam pājasā rajaḥ sthātuś caratham bhayate patatriṇaḥ ||

The flame-weaponed and breeze-excited Agni, assailing the unexhaled moisture (of the trees), with all his strength, in a volume of fire, rushes triumphant (against all things) in the forest, like a bull, and all, whether stationary or moveable, are afraid of him as he flies along.

他握著火焰武器,受到微風的激勵,用盡全身的力量,在火焰中敲擊樹木中未吐出的水,勝利地衝進森林,對抗一切事物,就像一頭公牛一樣,無論是靜止的或動起來的,當他飛翔時,讓所有人都恐懼他。

 

1-58-6

दधुष्ट्वा भृगवो मानुषेष्वा रयिं चारुं सुहवं जनेभ्यः होतारमग्ने अतिथिं वरेण्यं मित्रं शेवं दिव्याय जन्मने

dadhuṣ ṭvā bhṛgavo mānuṣeṣv ā rayiṃ na cāruṃ suhavaṃ janebhyaḥ | hotāram agne atithiṃ vareṇyam mitraṃ na śevaṃ divyāya janmane ||

The Bhṛgus amongst men, for the sake of a divine birth, cherished you like a precious treasure Agni, who sacrifices for men, who are the invoker (of the gods), the (welcome) guest at sacrifices, and who are to be valued like an affectionate friend.

人類中的Bhṛgus,為了神聖的誕生,把你當作珍貴的寶藏阿耆尼來珍惜,你為人類祭祀,你是諸神的祈求者,是祭祀中的賓客,是值得珍惜的人,就像是深情的朋友。

 

1-58-7

होतारं सप्त जुह्वो यजिष्ठं यं वाघतो वृणते अध्वरेषु अग्निं विश्वेषामरतिं वसूनां सपर्यामि प्रयसा यामि रत्नम्

hotāraṃ sapta juhvo yajiṣṭhaṃ yaṃ vāghato vṛṇate adhvareṣu | agniṃ viśveṣām aratiṃ vasūnāṃ saparyāmi prayasā yāmi ratnam ||

I worship with oblations that Agni whom the seven invoking priests invite as the invoker of the gods; who is most worthy of worship at sacrifices, and who is the donor of all riches; I solicit of him wealth.

我用祭品來崇拜阿耆尼,七位祈求的祭司邀請他作為眾神的祈求者;誰在祭祀時最值得被崇拜,誰是一切財富的施主;我向他祈求財富。

 

1-58-8

अच्छिद्रा सूनो सहसो नो अद्य स्तोतृभ्यो मित्रमहः शर्म यच्छ अग्ने गृणन्तमंहस उरुष्योर्जो नपात्पूर्भिरायसीभिः

acchidrā sūno sahaso no adya stotṛbhyo mitramahaḥ śarma yaccha | agne gṛṇantam aṃhasa uruṣyorjo napāt pūrbhir āyasībhiḥ ||

Son of strength, favourably-shining Agni, grant to your worshipper on this occasion uninterrupted felicity; offspring of food, preserve him who praises you from sin with guards of metal.

力量之子,光芒四射的阿耆尼,在這時刻賜予你的崇拜者不間斷的幸福;食物的後裔,用金石般的守護,保護讚美你的人免於罪惡。

 

1-58-9

भवा वरूथं गृणते विभावो भवा मघवन्मघवद्भ्यः शर्म उरुष्याग्ने अंहसो गृणन्तं प्रातर्मक्षू धियावसुर्जगम्यात्

bhavā varūthaṃ gṛṇate vibhāvo bhavā maghavan maghavadbhyaḥ śarma | uruṣyāgne aṃhaso gṛṇantam prātar makṣū dhiyāvasur jagamyāt ||

Variously-shining Agni, be a shelter to him who praises you; be prosperity, Maghavan, to the wealthy (offerers of oblations); protect, Agni, your worshipper from sin; may Agni, who is rich with righteous acts, come (to us) quickly in the morning.

諸般光芒的阿耆尼,請成為讚美你的人的庇護所;Maghavan(因陀羅),願富足的奉獻者繁榮昌盛;阿耆尼,保護你的崇拜者免受罪惡的侵害;願充滿正義行為的阿耆尼早上快點來到我們的身邊。

arrow
arrow
    創作者介紹
    創作者 khapima 的頭像
    khapima

    法,無界,不思議

    khapima 發表在 痞客邦 留言(0) 人氣()